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Atmosphere and Beyond
The Earth’s atmosphere = oxygen, nitrogen, and argon.The rainbow happens when the sun shines through an atmosphere full of water drops.Tiny particles in the air cause sky sunset to look red. Stars twinkle atmosphere bends light before they reach our eyes.
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Earthworks
Geologists study the Earth. The Earth is made up of three layers.
The top layer is the crust, middle is the mantle, and center is the core. The top layer has moving plates. Plate movement causes folds and faults in the solid rock layer.
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Fun-damental Forces
A force is a push or a pull
-Gravity is the force that pulls you down
-Centripetal force makes objects move in a circle
-An object keeps moving or stays still unless a force acts on it. This is called inertia.
-Heavier objects have more inertia. They need
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Living in Space
Astronaut life is challenging and
rewarding.There is no air pressure in space.Astronauts need air pressure around them when living
and traveling in space.
Planets closer to the Sun are warmer than those farther away. Astronauts must work as a team.
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Planets and Moons
Planets in our solar system vary in size.The smallest planets are made up of rocks.Largest planets are made up of gases.
A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth casts its shadow on the Moon.The scientist Johannes Kepler figured out
how the planets move
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Rocket Science
Rockets-vehicles used to transport objects and ppl into space.Four forces of flight- lift, gravity, thrust, drag. Thrust and lift positive forces move rocket forward.
Gravity and drag negative forces that slow down a rocket.Model rocket can be launched
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Space Phenomena
Objects in the sky can be identified
by their speed, size, and color.Meteoroids fall through the Earth's atmosphere before
hitting its surface.Most meteoroids burn up in the atmosphere before they
reach the Earth.Meteoroids create craters when collide
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Space Technology
Laser light is concentrated light that
travels in a single, straight line called a beam.We cannot see the laser’s beam unless we put something in its way.Radar bounces radio waves against an object to calculate how far away it is.
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Space Travel
Main parts of a rocket-nose cone, rocket body, fins, engine, and parachute.Nose cones help rockets cut through the air as they fly.
The rocket body carries the astronaut and other objects into space.The fins stabilize. Engine thrusts.Parachute-drag
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Sun and Stars
Galaxies are clouds of billions and billions of stars.Our galaxy is called the Milky Way.
Our star is called the Sun.
Stars go through different life stages over the course of billions of years.
A supernova happens when a star explodes can leave black hol
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